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1.
Insuf. card ; 16(3): 72-78, set. 2021. graf, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BNUY, UY-BNMED | ID: biblio-1346327

ABSTRACT

Introducción. La insuficiencia cardíaca (IC) es una enfermedad con alta incidencia, prevalencia y mortalidad. Es primera causa de hospitalización en mayores de 65 años y 25% de los pacientes que reingresan antes de 30 días. La implementación de varios planes de transición al alta han mostrado beneficios respecto a los reingresos, no habiendo datos al respecto en Uruguay. Se diseñó un estudio para analizar el efecto de un Plan de Alta Programada sobre los reingresos en pacientes internados con IC en un Hospital. Material y métodos. Estudio prospectivo, controlado y randomizado, incluyendo pacientes ingresados en servicios de medicina del Hospital de Clínicas Dr. Manuel Quintela con diagnóstico de IC. Criterios de exclusión: negativa a participar, discapacidad cognitiva, hospitalización d"24 horas o muerte en internación. Se randomizaron dos grupos (intervención y control) con seguimiento a 18 meses. En el grupo intervención se aplicó un plan de alta programada y en el grupo control el criterio de médico tratante. Se registraron reingresos, muerte y calidad de vida a los 3, 6, 9, 12 y 18 meses. Se consideró significativo un valor de p<0,05. Se utilizó la prueba de T- student para muestras independientes. Resultados. Se incluyeron 149 pacientes, 78 en el grupo intervención. Se registraron 19 (24,4%) reingresos en el grupo intervención y 38 (53,5%) en el grupo control (RR 1,85 [IC 1,337-2,583] p<0,05). Ocurrieron 6 muertes en el grupo intervención y 7 en el grupo control (RR: 1,024 [IC 0,926-1,32] p=0,640). La calidad de vida por Test de Minnesota fue 50,98; 49,71 y 49,07 en el grupo intervención a los 3, 6 y 18 meses, respectivamente, y 55,04; 55,32 y 54,91 en el grupo control, con un valor de p no significativo. Conclusiones. La implementación de un Plan de Alta Programada reduce de manera significativa los reingresos por IC. Dado que parece ser una herramienta costo/efectiva para el sistema de salud la misma podría tener un impacto beneficioso en la calidad asistencial del paciente con IC.


Background. Heart failure (HF) is a disease with a high incidence, prevalence and mortality. It is the first cause of hospitalization in people over 65 years and 25% of patients are readmitted within 30 days. The implementation of various discharge transition plans has shown benefits with respect to readmissions, and there is no data in this regard in Uruguay. A study was designed to analyze the effect of a Scheduled Discharge Plan on readmissions in hospitalized patients with HF. Material and methods. Prospective, controlled and randomized study, including patients admitted to the medical services of the Hospital de Clínicas Dr. Manuel Quintela with a diagnosis of HF. Exclusion criteria: refusal to participate, cognitive disability, hospitalization d"24 hours or death in hospital. Two groups (intervention and control) were randomized with 18-month follow-up. In the intervention group, a planned discharge plan was applied and the criterion of treating physician was applied in control. Readmissions, death and quality of life were recorded at 3, 6, 9, 12 and 18 months. A value of p <0.05 was considered significant. The student s T-test was used for independent samples. Results. 149 patients were included, 78 in the intervention group. There were 19 (24.4%) readmissions in the intervention group and 38 (53.5%) in the control group (RR 1.85 [CI 1.337-2.583] p <0.05). There were 6 deaths in the intervention group and 7 in the control group, (RR: 1,024 [CI 0.926-1.32] p = 0.640). The quality of life by Minnesota Test was 50.98; 49.71 and 49.07 in intervention at 3, 6 and 18 months respectively and 55.04; 55.32 and 54.91 in the control group, with a non-significant p value. Conclusions. The implementation of a Scheduled Discharge Plan significantly reduces readmissions for HF. Given that it appears to be a cost/effective tool for the health system, it could have a beneficial impact on the quality of care for patients with HF.


Introdução. A insuficiência cardíaca (IC) é uma doença com alta incidência, prevalência e mortalidade. É a primeira causa de hospitalização em pessoas com mais de 65 anos e 25% dos pacientes são readmitidos em 30 dias. A implementação de vários planos de transição de alta mostrou benefícios no que diz respeito às readmissões, e não há dados a esse respeito no Uruguai. Um estudo foi desenhado para analisar o efeito de um Plano de Alta Planejado nas readmissões em pacientes hospitalizados com IC. Material e métodos. Estudo prospectivo, controlado e randomizado, incluindo pacientes internados nos serviços médicos do Hospital de Clínicas Dr. Manuel Quintela com diagnóstico de IC. Critérios de exclusão: recusa em participar, deficiência cognitiva, internação d"24 horas ou óbito no hospital. Dois grupos foram randomizados (intervenção e controle) com seguimento de 18 meses. No grupo de intervenção, um plano de alta planejado foi aplicado e o critério de médico assistente foi aplicado no controle. Readmissões, óbito e qualidade de vida foram registrados aos 3, 6, 9, 12 e 18 meses. Um valor de p<0,05 foi considerado significativo. O teste T do aluno foi usado para amostras independentes. Resultados. Foram incluídos 149 pacientes, 78 no grupo de intervenção. Houve 19 (24,4%) readmissões no grupo de intervenção e 38 (53,5%) no grupo de controle (RR 1,85 [IC 1,337-2,583] p <0,05). Houve 6 mortes no grupo de intervenção e 7 no grupo controle, (RR: 1,024 [IC 0,926-1,32] p=0,640). A qualidade de vida pelo teste de Minnesotafoi de 50,98; 49,71 e 49,07 na intervenção em 3, 6 e 18 meses, respectivamente, e 55,04; 55,32 e 54,91 no grupo controle, com um valor de p não significativo. Conclusões. A implementação de um Plano de Descarga Planejado reduz significativamente as readmissões para IC. Visto que parece ser uma ferramenta econômica para o sistema de saúde, pode ter um impacto benéfico na qualidade do atendimento aos pacientes com IC.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Patient Readmission/statistics & numerical data , Health Planning , Heart Failure/therapy , Patient Discharge , Quality of Life , Uruguay/epidemiology , Prospective Studies
2.
Rev. cir. (Impr.) ; 73(4): 519-525, ago. 2021. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1388847

ABSTRACT

Resumen Introducción: El análisis de reoperaciones no programadas (RONP) es un indicador de calidad solicitado por el Ministerio de Salud de Chile (MINSAL) desde julio de 2010 como una forma de retroalimentar a los equipos quirúrgicos sobre las causas de reintervenciones en cirugía electiva, promoviendo la discusión técnica en una reunión clínica de pares. Objetivo: Evaluar los resultados de un protocolo de RONP en un hospital público docente de alta complejidad. Materiales y Método: Estudio descriptivo que analiza la base de datos prospectiva iniciada en nuestro centro en julio de 2010 incluyendo todos los pacientes reoperados antes de 30 días desde la intervención inicial electiva. El indicador se consideró cumplido si hubo un análisis crítico del caso antes de 15 días desde la fecha de la reintervención y si hay un documento que lo respalda. Resultados: En el periodo de 9,5 años se efectuaron 18.536 intervenciones electivas con una tasa global de RONP de 2,5%. El protocolo se cumplió en el 97% de los casos. Las RONP representan el 45,5% de la mortalidad global de los equipos estudiados en el periodo. Conclusión: El indicador de las RONP nos parece una práctica relevante en el contexto acotado de un servicio y su evolución en el tiempo. No es útil como indicador global de una institución que involucra servicios de adultos y niños con múltiples especialidades no comparables. Para cumplir con el objetivo debe medirse en forma prospectiva, completa, no discriminatoria y sin carácter punitivo. Teóricamente podría retroalimentar la estrategia quirúrgica de los equipos.


Background: Unplanned reoperations (UPRO) after elective surgery was proposed by Ministry of Health (MINSAL) as a quality indicator since 2010. The goal was to promote the discussion between pairs as an effective feedback for the surgical team. Aim: The purpose of this study is to analyze the results of a protocol of UPRO in a high complexity public institution. Materials and Method: The 9.5 years data base starting in July 2010 was analyzed. All reoperations within 30 days of the initial surgery were included. The UPRO indicator was considered fulfilled if the critical discussion of the case occurred in the clinical meeting within 15 days of the reoperation and if there is a document to support it. Results: in the indicated period the rate of UPRO was 2.5% (455 of 18,536 patients) and the protocol was accomplished in 97% of the cases. The stay in hospital and mortality rate in re-operated patients were high, with great differences between the surgical teams. Conclusions: The UPRO indicator is useful as a detailed analysis of postoperative morbidity of specific surgical teams and the changes along the years. Considering the great differences between the procedures in adults and children and the huge variation and complexity of the operations of multiple surgical specialties, it seems not relevant as a global indicator of a General Hospital. The UPRO must be prospective, complete, non-discriminatory and non-punitive. Theoretically UPRO could be useful as a feedback of surgical teams.


Subject(s)
Humans , Reoperation/standards , Reoperation/statistics & numerical data , Patient Readmission/statistics & numerical data , Chile , Clinical Protocols
3.
Rev. bras. ter. intensiva ; 32(2): 301-307, Apr.-June 2020. tab, graf
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1138479

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a hipótese de que o Modified Early Warning Score (MEWS) por ocasião da alta da unidade de terapia intensiva associa-se com readmissão, e identificar o nível desse escore que prediz com maior confiabilidade a readmissão à unidade de terapia intensiva dentro de 48 horas após a alta. Métodos: Este foi um estudo observacional retrospectivo a respeito do MEWS de pacientes que receberam alta da unidade de terapia intensiva. Comparamos dados demográficos, escores de severidade, características da doença crítica e MEWS de pacientes readmitidos e não readmitidos. Identificamos os fatores associados com a readmissão em um modelo de regressão logística. Construímos uma curva Característica de Operação do Receptor para o MEWS na predição da probabilidade de readmissão. Por fim, apresentamos o critério ideal com maior sensibilidade e especificidade. Resultados: A taxa de readmissões foi de 2,6%, e o MEWS foi preditor significante de readmissão, juntamente do tempo de permanência na unidade de terapia intensiva acima de 10 dias e traqueostomia. A curva Característica de Operação do Receptor relativa ao MEWS para predizer a probabilidade de readmissão teve área sob a curva de 0,82, e MEWS acima de 6 teve sensibilidade de 0,78 (IC95% 0,66 - 0,9) e especificidade de 0,9 (IC95% 0,87 - 0,93). Conclusão: O MEWS associa-se com readmissão à unidade de terapia intensiva, e o escore acima de 6 teve excelente precisão como preditor prognóstico.


ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the hypothesis that the Modified Early Warning Score (MEWS) at the time of intensive care unit discharge is associated with readmission and to identify the MEWS that most reliably predicts intensive care unit readmission within 48 hours of discharge. Methods: This was a retrospective observational study of the MEWSs of discharged patients from the intensive care unit. We compared the demographics, severity scores, critical illness characteristics, and MEWSs of readmitted and non-readmitted patients, identified factors associated with readmission in a logistic regression model, constructed a Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve of the MEWS in predicting the probability of readmission, and presented the optimum criterion with the highest sensitivity and specificity. Results: The readmission rate was 2.6%, and the MEWS was a significant predictor of readmission, along with intensive care unit length of stay > 10 days and tracheostomy. The ROC curve of the MEWS in predicting the readmission probability had an AUC of 0.82, and a MEWS > 6 carried a sensitivity of 0.78 (95%CI 0.66 - 0.9) and specificity of 0.9 (95%CI 0.87 - 0.93). Conclusion: The MEWS is associated with intensive care unit readmission, and a score > 6 has excellent accuracy as a prognostic predictor.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Patient Readmission/statistics & numerical data , Critical Illness , Early Warning Score , Intensive Care Units/statistics & numerical data , Patient Discharge , Prognosis , Severity of Illness Index , Tracheostomy/statistics & numerical data , Retrospective Studies , ROC Curve , Sensitivity and Specificity , Length of Stay
4.
J. bras. nefrol ; 42(2): 231-237, Apr.-June 2020. graf
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1134809

ABSTRACT

Abstract Early hospital readmission (EHR), defined as all readmissions within 30 days of initial hospital discharge, is a health care quality measure. It is influenced by the demographic characteristics of the population at risk, the multidisciplinary approach for hospital discharge, the access, coverage, and comprehensiveness of the health care system, and reimbursement policies. EHR is associated with higher morbidity, mortality, and increased health care costs. Monitoring EHR enables the identification of hospital and outpatient healthcare weaknesses and the implementation of corrective interventions. Among kidney transplant recipients in the USA, EHR ranges between 18 and 47%, and is associated with one-year increased mortality and graft loss. One study in Brazil showed an incidence of 19.8% of EHR. The main causes of readmission were infections and surgical and metabolic complications. Strategies to reduce early hospital readmission are therefore essential and should consider the local factors, including socio-economic conditions, epidemiology and endemic diseases, and mobility.


Resumo A Readmissão Hospitalar Precoce (RH), definida como todas as readmissões dentro de 30 dias após a alta hospitalar inicial, é uma métrica da qualidade hospitalar. É influenciada pelas características demográficas da população em risco, pela abordagem multidisciplinar da alta hospitalar inicial, pelo acesso, pela cobertura e pela abrangência do Sistema de Saúde e pelas políticas de reembolso. A readmissão hospitalar precoce está associada a maior morbidade, mortalidade e aumento dos custos com saúde. O monitoramento da RH permite a identificação das fragilidades hospitalares e ambulatoriais e a implementação de intervenções corretivas. Entre os receptores de transplante renal nos EUA, a RH varia entre 18% e 47% e está associada a maior mortalidade e perda do enxerto no primeiro ano do transplante. Um estudo no Brasil mostrou uma incidência de 19,8% de RH. As principais causas de readmissão foram infecções e complicações cirúrgicas e metabólicas. As estratégias para reduzir a readmissão hospitalar precoce são, portanto, essenciais e devem considerar o ambiente local, incluindo condições socioeconômicas, epidemiologia local, doenças e mobilidade endêmicas.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Patient Readmission/statistics & numerical data , Kidney Transplantation/adverse effects , Kidney Transplantation/mortality , Kidney Transplantation/statistics & numerical data , Patient Discharge , Patient Readmission/trends , Brazil/epidemiology , Incidence , Risk Factors , Follow-Up Studies , Delivery of Health Care/economics , Interdisciplinary Communication , Transplant Recipients/statistics & numerical data , Graft Survival , Infections/complications , Insurance, Health, Reimbursement/legislation & jurisprudence , Metabolic Diseases/epidemiology
5.
Einstein (Säo Paulo) ; 18: eAO4871, 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1039740

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective To analyze, from the pharmacotherapy perspective, the factors associated to visits of older adults to the emergency department within 30 days after discharge. Methods A cross-sectional study carried out in a general public hospital with older adults. Emergency department visit was defined as the stay of the older adult in this service for up to 24 hours. The complexity of drug therapy was determined using the Medication Regimen Complexity Index. Potentially inappropriate drugs for use in older adults were classified according to the American Geriatric Society/Beers criteria of 2015. The outcome investigated was the frequency of visits to the emergency department within 30 days of discharge. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to identify the factors associated with the emergency department visit. Results A total of 255 elderly in the study, and 67 (26.3%) visited emergency department within 30 days of discharge. Polypharmacy and potentially inappropriate medications for older adults did not present a statistically significant association. The diagnosis of heart failure and Medication Regimen Complexity Index >16.5 were positively associated with emergency department visits (OR=2.3; 95%CI: 1.04-4.94; p=0.048; and OR=2.1; 95%CI: 1.11-4.02; p=0.011), respectively. Furthermore, the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease were protection factors for the outcome (OR=0.4; 95%CI: 0.20-0.73; p=0.004; and OR=0.3; 95%CI: 0.13-0.86; p=0.023). Conclusion The diagnosis of heart failure and Medication Regimen Complexity Index >16.5 were positively associated with the occurrence of an emergency department visit within 30 days of discharge.


RESUMO Objetivo Analisar, da perspectiva da farmacoterapia, os fatores associados à visita de idosos a departamentos de emergência em até 30 dias após a alta da internação índice. Métodos Foi realizado estudo transversal em hospital público geral, com idosos. Visita a departamento de emergência foi definido como a permanência do idoso nesse serviço por até 24 horas. A complexidade da farmacoterapia foi determinada usando o Medication Regimen Complexity Index. Os medicamentos potencialmente inapropriados para idosos foram classificados segundo os critérios American Geriatric Society/Beers , de 2015. O desfecho investigado foi a frequência de visita a departamento de emergência em 30 dias após a alta hospitalar. Regressão logística multivariada foi realizada para identificar os fatores associados à visita a departamento de emergência. Resultados No estudo, foram incluídos 255 idosos; 67 (26,3%) visitaram departamento emergência em 30 dias após a alta hospitalar. Polifarmácia e medicamentos potencialmente inapropriados para idosos não apresentaram associação estatística significante. O diagnóstico de insuficiência cardíaca e o índice da complexidade da farmacoterapia >16,5 apresentaram associação positiva com visita a departamento de emergência (RC=2,3; IC95%: 1,04-4,94; p=0,048; e RC=2,1; IC95%: 1,11-4,02; p=0,011), respectivamente. Ainda, o diagnóstico de diabetes mellitus e a doença renal crônica foram fatores de proteção para o desfecho (RC=0,4; IC95%: 0,20-0,73; p=0,004; e RC=0,3; IC95%: 0,13-0,86; p=0,023). Conclusão O diagnóstico de insuficiência cardíaca e o índice da complexidade da farmacoterapia >16,5 apresentaram associação positiva com ocorrência de visita a departamento de emergência dentro de 30 dias após a alta.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Patient Discharge/statistics & numerical data , Drug Prescriptions/statistics & numerical data , Drug Therapy/statistics & numerical data , Emergency Service, Hospital/statistics & numerical data , Hospitalization/statistics & numerical data , Patient Readmission/statistics & numerical data , Time Factors , Cross-Sectional Studies , Polypharmacy , Heart Failure/drug therapy , Middle Aged
6.
J. pediatr. (Rio J.) ; 95(5): 559-566, Sept.-Oct. 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1040355

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objective: While studies have focused on early readmissions or readmissions during the same hospitalization in a pediatric intensive care unit, little is known about the children with recurrent admissions. We sought to assess the characteristics of patients readmitted within 1 year in a Brazilian pediatric intensive care unit. Methods: This was a retrospective study carried out in a tertiary pediatric intensive care unit. The outcome was the maximum number of readmissions experienced by each child within any 365-day interval during a 5-year follow-up period. Results: Of the 758 total eligible admissions, 75 patients (9.8%) were readmissions. Those patients accounted for 33% of all pediatric intensive care unit bed care days. Median time to readmission was 73 days for all readmissions. Logistic regression showed that complex chronic conditions (odds ratio 1.07), severe to moderate cognitive disability (odds ratio 1.08), and use of technology assistance (odds ratio 1.17) were associated with readmissions. Multiple admissions had a significantly prolonged duration of mechanical ventilation (8 vs. 6 days), longer length of pediatric intensive care unit (7 vs 4 days) and hospital stays (20 vs 9 days), and higher mortality rate (21.3% vs 5.1%) compared with index admissions. Conclusion: The rate of pediatric intensive care unit readmissions within 1 year was low; however, it was associated with a relevant number of bed care days and worse outcomes. A 30-day index of readmission may be inadequate to mirror the burden of pediatric intensive care unit readmissions. Patients with complex chronic conditions, poor functional status or technology assistance are at higher risk for readmissions. Future studies should address the impact of qualitative interventions on healthcare and recurrent admissions.


Resumo: Objetivo: Apesar dos estudos terem focado em reinternações precoces ou reinternações durante a mesma internação na unidade de terapia intensiva pediátrica, pouco se sabe sobre essas crianças com internações recorrentes. Buscamos avaliar as características dos pacientes reinternados em 1 ano em uma unidade de terapia intensiva pediátrica brasileira. Métodos: Este foi um estudo retrospectivo realizado em uma unidade de terapia intensiva pediátrica terciária. O resultado foi o número máximo de reinternações por cada criança em qualquer período de 365 dias durante um período de acompanhamento de 5 anos. Resultados: Do total de 758 internações elegíveis, 75 pacientes (9,8%) foram de reinternações. Esses pacientes representaram 33% de todos os dias de cuidados com os internados na unidade de terapia intensiva pediátrica. O tempo mediano para a reinternação foi 73 dias para todas as reinternações. A regressão logística mostrou que as doenças crônicas complexas (razão de chance de 1,07), deficiência cognitiva grave a moderada (razão de chance de 1,08) e uso de suporte de aparelhos tecnológicos (razão de chance de 1,17) foram associados às reinternações. As múltiplas internações apresentaram duração significativamente prolongada na ventilação mecânica (8 em comparação a 6 dias), maior tempo de internação na unidade de terapia intensiva pediátrica (7 em comparação a 4 dias) e tempos de internação (20 em comparação a 9 dias) e maior taxa de mortalidade (21,3% em comparação a 5,1%), em comparação às internações iniciais. Conclusão: A taxa de reinternações na unidade de terapia intensiva pediátrica em 1 ano foi baixa, porém foi associada a um número relevante de cuidados durante internação e piores resultados. Um índice de reinternação de 30 dias pode ser inadequado para refletir a grande número de reinternações na unidade de terapia intensiva pediátrica. Os pacientes com doenças crônicas complexas, estado funcional ruim ou suporte de aparelhos tecnológicos correm maior risco de reinternações. Estudos futuros devem abordar o impacto das intervenções qualitativas sobre os serviços de saúde e as internações recorrentes.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Patient Readmission/statistics & numerical data , Intensive Care Units, Pediatric/statistics & numerical data , Patient Admission/statistics & numerical data , Respiration, Artificial/statistics & numerical data , Time Factors , Brazil , Logistic Models , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Hospital Mortality , Risk Assessment , Tertiary Care Centers/statistics & numerical data , Length of Stay/statistics & numerical data
7.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 113(1): 42-49, July 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1011244

ABSTRACT

Abstract Background: Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is responsible for high rates of hospital admission and readmission, which are associated with increased costs for the patient and the health system, and increased in-hospital mortality rates. Objective: To evaluate readmission in patients with ACS and its determinants. Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of adult and elderly patients with ACS, readmitted to public and private referral cardiology hospitals within one year after the first hospitalization for ACS. The occurrence of readmissions, the time elapsed from the first to the second admission, and the use of medications at admission were collected from the medical records. Associations between categorical variables were evaluated by the chi-square test or the Fisher's exact test. Multiple logistic regression was used to evaluate predictors for readmissions. A p < 0.05 was set as statistically significant. Results: Readmission rate was 21.5% (n = 115) and mean time between admissions was 122.7 ± 112.1 days. The patients were mostly men (64.0%), mean age of 63.15 ± 12.3 years. Among readmitted patients, 7% had a prognosis of "death", and 68.7% were readmitted more than once within a one-year period. The main reasons of readmission were cardiovascular diseases including ACS. Private health care and the diagnosis of congestive heart failure were associated with multiple logistic regression. Conclusion: ACS was the main cause of readmission, with higher prevalence among users of supplemental health care. Readmissions were associated with previous diagnosis of congestive heart failure and the type of health care provided.


Resumo Fundamento: A síndrome coronariana aguda (SCA) é responsável por elevados números de admissões e readmissões hospitalares, os quais estão associados ao aumento dos custos para o paciente e para o sistema de saúde, bem como à elevação nas taxas de mortalidade hospitalar. Objetivo: Investigar a reinternação entre pacientes com SCA e seus determinantes. Métodos: Trata-se de uma coorte retrospectiva de pacientes de ambos os sexos, adultos e idosos, diagnosticados com SCA. Foram avaliados, a partir dos registros dos hospitais locais públicos e privados de referência em cardiologia, a ocorrência de reinternação em até 1 ano após internação por SCA, o tempo entre as admissões e o uso de medicamentos no momento da reinternação. As variáveis categóricas foram associadas por meio do teste qui-quadrado, ou pelo teste exato de Fisher. Regressão logística múltipla foi utilizada para avaliar as variáveis preditoras da reinternação. Adotou-se como critério de significância estatística um valor de p < 0,05. Resultados: A ocorrência de reinternações foi de 21,46% (n = 115), e o período médio entre as internações foi de 122,74 (DP 112,14) dias. Os pacientes avaliados eram, em sua maioria, do sexo masculino (64,0%), com média de idade de 63,15 anos (DP 12,26). Sete por cento apresentaram óbito como prognóstico da reinternação, e 68,7% tiveram mais de uma reinternação em 1 ano. As causas cardiovasculares, entre elas a recorrência da SCA, foram as mais prevalentes entre as reinternações hospitalares. A assistência privada e o diagnóstico de insuficiência cardíaca congestiva (ICC) foram associados a reinternação após a regressão logística múltipla. Conclusão: Conclui-se que a SCA foi a principal causa de reinternação, sendo mais prevalente entre os usuários da rede suplementar de saúde. As reinternações associaram-se ao diagnóstico prévio de ICC e ao tipo de assitência à saúde.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Patient Readmission/statistics & numerical data , Acute Coronary Syndrome/therapy , Prognosis , Socioeconomic Factors , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Hospital Mortality , Acute Coronary Syndrome/mortality , Life Style
8.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 77(5): 321-329, Jun. 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1011342

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Hospital readmission and long length of stay (LOS) increase morbidity and hospital mortality and are associated with excessive costs to health systems. Objective: This study aimed to identify predictors of hospital readmission and long LOS among elders with neurological disorders (NDs). Methods: Patients ≥ 60 years of age admitted to the hospital between January 1, 2009, and December 31, 2010, with acute NDs, chronic NDs as underpinnings of acute clinical disorders, and neurological complications of other diseases were studied. We analyzed demographic factors, NDs, and comorbidities as independent predictors of readmission and long LOS (≥ 9 days). Logistic regression was performed for multivariate analysis. Results: Overall, 1,154 NDs and 2,679 comorbidities were identified among 798 inpatients aged ≥ 60 years (mean 75.8 ± 9.1). Of the patients, 54.5% were female. Patient readmissions were 251(31%) and 409 patients (51%) had an LOS ≥ 9 days (95% confidence interval 48%-55%). We found no predictors for readmission. Low socioeconomic class (p = 0.001), respiratory disorder (p < 0.001), infection (p < 0.001), genitourinary disorder (p < 0.033), and arterial hypertension (p = 0.002) were predictors of long LOS. Identified risks of long LOS explained 22% of predictors. Conclusions: Identifying risk factors for patient readmission are challenges for neurology teams and health system stakeholders. As low socioeconomic class and four comorbidities, but no NDs, were identified as predictors for long LOS, we recommend studying patient multimorbidity as well as functional and cognitive scores to determine whether they improve the risk model of long LOS in this population.


RESUMO Readmissão hospitalar e tempo longo de internação aumentam a morbidade, a mortalidade hospitalar e estão associados a custos excessivos para os sistemas de saúde. Objetivo: Este estudo almejou identificar preditores de readmissões hospitalares e longo tempo de internação (TDI) entre idosos com doenças neurológicas (DN). Métodos: Pacientes de idade ≥ 60 anos admitidos no hospital entre 1 de janeiro de 2009 e 31 de dezembro de 2010 com DN aguda, DN crônica subjacente a transtorno clínico agudo e complicações neurológicas de outras doenças foram estudados. Nos analisamos fatores demográficos, DN e comorbidades como preditores independentes de readmissão hospitalar e TDI (≥ 9 dias). Utilizamos regressão logística para analise multivariada. Resultados: Um total de 1154 DN e 2679 comorbidades foram identificadas entre 798 pacientes com idade ≥ 60 anos (media 75.8 ± 9.1). Desses pacientes 54.5% foram mulheres. Foram 251(31%) readmissões de pacientes e 409 (51%) dos pacientes tiveram um TDI≥9 dias (intervalo de confiança 95%, 48%-55%). Não encontramos preditores para readmissões. Baixa classe social (p = 0,001), distúrbio respiratório (p < 0,001), infecção (p < 0,001), distúrbio genito-urinário (p = 0,033) e hipertensão arterial (p = 0,002) foram os preditores de longo tempo de internação. Esses fatores de risco compõem 22% dos preditores para longo TDI. Conclusões: A identificação de fatores de risco para readmissão hospitalar é um desafio para equipes neurológicas e gestores dos sistemas de saúde. Conquanto baixa classe social e 4 comorbidades, todavia nenhuma DN, foram identificadas como preditoras para longo TDI nós recomendamos investigar multimorbidade, escores funcionais e cognitivos para saber se eles melhoram o modelo de risco para longo TDI nesta população.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Patient Readmission/statistics & numerical data , Tertiary Care Centers/statistics & numerical data , Length of Stay/statistics & numerical data , Nervous System Diseases/epidemiology , Brazil/epidemiology , Comorbidity , Logistic Models , Acute Disease , Multivariate Analysis , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , ROC Curve , Statistics, Nonparametric , Hypertension/epidemiology
9.
Trends psychiatry psychother. (Impr.) ; 41(2): 121-127, Apr.-June 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1014735

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objectives To assess the sociodemographic and diagnostic profile of data related to psychiatric readmissions to the psychiatric ward at Hospital Estadual Mário Covas between January 2008 and September 2015, in order to investigate the possible correlation between the rate of admission and readmission and the presence or absence of a discharged patient unit or other outpatient treatment unit. Methods This was a cross-sectional, descriptive study. Data on patients readmitted during the study period were sourced from a statistical analysis of the Hospital Estadual Mário Covas database using STATA 11.0. Results During the study period, hospitalization rates decreased, while the readmission rates increased over the years, at a total of 662 readmissions. This rise in readmissions had no correlation with the presence of a discharged patient unit or other outpatient unit. Women comprised the majority of the sample, with a mean age of 42; the most prevalent disorder among women was bipolar affective disorder, while among men it was schizophrenia. The length of hospitalization increased over time, with a maximum mean time of 23 days in 2015. Most of the patients were referred from Santo André as well as from hospitals in São Paulo. Conclusion The increase in the rate of readmissions over the years suggests that the mental healthcare model may have shortcomings along the chain. It is important to understand the epidemiological profile and chain of events that led to repeated hospitalizations in order to design new strategies and approaches to care so as to keep the patients stabilized.


Resumo Objetivos Obter o perfil sociodemográfico e diagnóstico dos pacientes reinternados no Hospital Estadual Mário Covas entre janeiro de 2008 e setembro de 2015, com o intuito de investigar a possível relação entre as taxas de admissão e readmissão e a existência ou ausência do serviço para pacientes de alta clinica do hospital ou de outros serviços. Métodos Este foi um estudo descritivo transversal. Os dados foram obtidos do Hospital Estadual Mário Covas e analisados pelo programa STATA 11.0 Resultados Durante o período do estudo, as taxas de hospitalização diminuíram, enquanto as taxas de readmissão aumentaram progressivamente, com um total de 662 reinternações. O aumento dessas reinternações não teve relação com a presença da unidade pós-alta hospitalar do próprio hospital ou de outros serviços. A maioria dos pacientes era composta de mulheres, com idade média de 42 anos; o principal diagnóstico entre mulheres foi o transtorno afetivo bipolar, enquanto que para homens foi a esquizofrenia. O tempo de hospitalização aumentou com os anos, com uma média máxima em 2015 de 23 dias. A maior parte dos pacientes era referenciado de Santo André e outros hospitais de São Paulo. Conclusão O aumento das taxas de reinternação ao longo dos anos sugere que o sistema de cuidado mental tem deficiências em sua prática. É importante entender o perfil epidemiológico e a cascata de eventos que levam a rehospitalizações e, assim, traçar novas estratégias e abordagens de cuidado, mantendo os pacientes estabilizados.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Patient Readmission/statistics & numerical data , Length of Stay/statistics & numerical data , Mental Disorders/therapy , Psychiatric Department, Hospital , Brazil , Sex Factors , Cross-Sectional Studies , Middle Aged
10.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 112(5): 491-498, May 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1011193

ABSTRACT

Abstract Background: The use of Cardiovascular Implantable Electronic Devices (CIED), such as the Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator (ICD) and Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy (CRT), is increasing. The number of leads may vary according to the device. Lead placement in the left ventricle increases surgical time and may be associated with greater morbidity after hospital discharge, an event that is often confused with the underlying disease severity. Objective: To evaluate the rate of unscheduled emergency hospitalizations and death after implantable device surgery stratified by the type of device. Methods: Prospective cohort study of 199 patients submitted to cardiac device implantation. The groups were stratified according to the type of device: ICD group (n = 124) and CRT group (n = 75). Probability estimates were analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier method according to the outcome. A value of p < 0.05 was considered significant in the statistical analyses. Results: Most of the sample comprised male patients (71.9%), with a mean age of 61.1 ± 14.2. Left ventricular ejection fraction was similar between the groups (CRT 37.4 ± 18.1 vs. ICD 39.1 ± 17.0, p = 0.532). The rate of unscheduled visits to the emergency unit related to the device was 4.8% in the ICD group and 10.6% in the CRT group (p = 0.20). The probability of device-related survival of the variable "death" was different between the groups (p = 0.008). Conclusions: Patients after CRT implantation show a higher probability of mortality after surgery at a follow-up of less than 1 year. The rate of unscheduled hospital visits, related or not to the implant, does not differ between the groups.


Resumo Fundamento: O uso de dispositivos cardíacos eletrônicos implantáveis (DCEI) como o cardiodesfibrilador (CDI) e terapia de ressincronização cardíaca (TRC) - é cada vez maior. O número de eletrodos de estimulação e desfibrilação varia de acordo com o dispositivo. A colocação do eletrodo no ventrículo esquerdo aumenta o tempo cirúrgico podendo associar-se a maior morbidade no acompanhamento após alta hospitalar, evento muitas vezes confundível com a gravidade da patologia base. Objetivo: Avaliar a taxa de internação não programada na emergência e óbito após cirurgia de dispositivos implantáveis estratificados pelo tipo de aparelho. Métodos: Estudo de coorte prospectivo analisando 199 pacientes submetidos à implante de dispositivos cardíacos. Os grupos foram divididos de acordo com o tipo de dispositivo: CDI (n = 124) e TRC (n = 75). Estimativas de probabilidades foram analisadas pelo método de Kaplan-Meier de acordo com o desfecho. Valor de p < 0,05 foi considerado significativo nas análises estatísticas. Resultados: A maioria da amostra era do sexo masculino (71,9%) - idade média de 61,1 ± 14,2. A fração de ejeção do ventrículo esquerdo foi similar entre os grupos (TRC 37,4 ± 18,1 vs. CDI 39,1 ± 17,0; p = 0,532). A taxa de visita não programada na emergência relacionada ao dispositivo foi de 4,8% no grupo CDI e de 10,6% no grupo TRC (p = 0,20). A probabilidade de sobrevida relacionada ao dispositivo da variável "óbito" mostrou-se diferente entre os grupos (p = 0,008). Conclusões: Paciente após o implante de TRC apresenta maior probabilidade de mortalidade após o procedimento cirúrgico no seguimento menor que 1 ano. A taxa de visita hospitalar não programada, relacionadas ou não ao implante, não difere entre os grupos.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Arrhythmias, Cardiac/therapy , Defibrillators, Implantable/statistics & numerical data , Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy Devices/statistics & numerical data , Patient Readmission/statistics & numerical data , Time Factors , Prospective Studies , Follow-Up Studies , Defibrillators, Implantable/adverse effects , Emergency Service, Hospital/statistics & numerical data , Kaplan-Meier Estimate , Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy Devices/adverse effects
11.
S. Afr. med. j. (Online) ; 109(3): 164-168, 2019. tab
Article in English | AIM | ID: biblio-1271218

ABSTRACT

Background. Factors contributing to and causes of hospital readmissions have been investigated worldwide, but very few studies have been performed in South Africa (SA) and none in the Western Cape Province.Objectives. To investigate possible preventable and non-preventable factors contributing to readmissions to the Department of Internal Medicine at Tygerberg Hospital (TBH), Cape Town, within 30 days of hospital discharge. The researchers tested a risk-stratification tool (the LACE index) to evaluate the tool's performance in the TBH system.Methods. A retrospective analysis was conducted of all 30-day readmissions (initial hospitalisation and rehospitalisation within 30 days) to the Department of Internal Medicine at TBH for the period 1 January 2014 - 31 March 2015. Potential risk factors leading to readmission were recorded.Results. A total of 11 826 admissions were recorded. Of these patients, 1 242 were readmitted within 30 days, representing a readmission rate of 10.5%. The majority of patients (66%) were readmitted within 14 days after discharge. The most important risk factor for readmission was the number of comorbidities, assessed using the Charlston score. The study also identified a large burden of potentially avoidable causes (35% of readmissions) due to system-related issues, premature discharge being the most common. Other reasons for 30-day readmission were nosocomial infection, adverse drug reactions, especially warfarin toxicity, inadequate discharge planning and physician error.Conclusions. Despite TBH being a low-resource, high-turnover system, the 30-day readmission rate was calculated at 10.5%. Global readmission rates vary from 10% to 25%, depending on the reference article/source used. We found that 35% of 30-day readmissions were potentially avoidable. Venous thromboembolism was a minor contributor to readmission but was associated with a very high mortality rate. A secondary outcome evaluated was the utility of the LACE and modified LACE (mLACE) index in the TBH environment. The risk tool performed well in the TBH population, and a high LACE and mLACE score correlated with an increased risk of 30-day readmission (p<0.001)


Subject(s)
Inpatients , Patient Readmission , Patient Readmission/statistics & numerical data , Risk Factors , South Africa
12.
Rev. chil. cir ; 70(4): 329-335, ago. 2018. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-959391

ABSTRACT

Resumen Objetivo: Determinar la frecuencia de reingreso hospitalario y sus factores asociados en pacientes sometidos a resecciones hepáticas o pancreáticas en nuestro centro. Metodología: Se revisaron registros de pacientes sometidos a resecciones hepáticas o pancreáticas entre 2012 y 2014. Se registraron variables biodemográficas, quirúrgicas y reingresos hasta 30 días posalta. Se excluyó la cirugía de urgencia, pacientes fallecidos durante la hospitalización, pacientes sometidos a resecciones hepáticas menores a dos segmentos, cirugías no anatómicas o cirugía no resectiva. El análisis estadístico univariable se realizó con prueba χ2 para variables categóricas y T Student/Mann Whitney para variables continuas. El análisis multivariable se realizó con regresión logística. Resultados: Se incluyeron 116 pacientes, 50,9% mujeres. La estadía promedio fue de 14 días. El adenocarcinoma pancreático fue el diagnóstico más frecuente (25,9%) y 40,5% de los procedimientos quirúrgicos fueron pancreatoduodenectomías. La tasa de reingreso global fue 18,1%, mayor en pancreatectomías respecto a hepatectomías (23,7 vs 12,2% respectivamente p < 0,05). Los factores asociados a reingreso fueron: resección de páncreas, leucocitos preoperatorios, complicaciones posoperatorias y tiempo de estadía hospitalaria. Tras el análisis multivariable, sólo el tiempo hospitalario se asocia de forma independiente al reingreso precoz [OR 1,2 IC 95% 1,1-1,5 (p = 0,001)]. Conclusión: La estadía hospitalaria prolongada es un factor de riesgo consistente en la literatura para la rehospitalización posterior a resecciones hepáticas o pancreáticas. La tasa de reingreso posterior a resecciones hepáticas o pancreáticas es elevada, incluso en centros de alto volumen. Recomendamos el uso de este parámetro como un nuevo instrumento de medición de calidad en los resultados quirúrgicos en nuestro país.


Aim: To determine readmission rates and its associated factors in patients undergoing pancreatic and hepatic resections at our center. Matherial and Methods: Perioperative variables of patients undergoing pancreatic and hepatic resections between 2012-2014 were reviewed. Demographic and perioepartive data, as well as up —to postoperative day 30— readmisson rates were analyzed. Emergency cases, postoperative mortality and/or patients undergoing less extensive surgery (less than 2 Couinaud's segments, non-anatomical resections and non resective cases such as bilioenteric anastomoses) were excluded. Readmission associated factors were identified using both univariate (χ2 for categorical and t-student's/Mann-Whitney for continuous variables) and multivariate (logistic regression) analysis. Results: 116 cases were included, 50.9 % female. Mean postoperative stay was 14 days. Pancreatic adenocarcinoma was the most frequent diagnosis (25.9%), and the 40.5% of surgical procedures were pancreaticoduodenectomy. Overall 30-day readmission rate was 18.1%, with a 23.7% for pancreatic resections and 12.2% for hepatic resections. According to univariate analysis; readmission associated factors were: pancreatic resection, preoperative White cell count, the development of postoperative complications and postoperative length of stay. On Multivariate analysis only postoperative stay was the only significant associate factor [OR 1,2 CI 95% 1.1- 1.5 (p = 0.001)]. Conclussion: Readmission rates after pancreatic and hepatic resections are elevated, even in high-volume centers. Postoperative length of stay is a consistent risk factor for readmission after these type of surgeries. We highly recommend including this parameter as a quality marker of our surgical results in our country.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Pancreatectomy/statistics & numerical data , Patient Readmission/statistics & numerical data , Hepatectomy/statistics & numerical data , Pancreatectomy/adverse effects , Multivariate Analysis , Risk Factors , Hepatectomy/adverse effects
13.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 146(5): 603-617, mayo 2018. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-961437

ABSTRACT

We performed a systematic review of the literature to analyze the effect on readmission rates of multifactorial educational interventions at the moment of discharge from the hospital and telephone follow up for patients with heart failure. The quality of reports was analyzed using the CONSORT verification list and the GRADE guide. Using Rev Manager 5.3, the relative risk heterogeneity (RR) of readmission was assessed using I2 and Q statistics, and those considered as homogeneous were combined into a single RR as the confidence interval. We included four reports in the review and three were meta-analyzed. The RR for readmission was 1.01 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.73-1.40; p = 0.96) with educational interventions and telephone follow-up among patients who visited an emergency room (ER). When studies that included readmission (without ER visit) were combined, the RR was 0.83 (95% CI:0.58-1.17). When studies with visits to ER and readmissions were combined, the RR was 0.91 (95% CI:0.73-1.14). We conclude that educational interventions did not have a significant effect on the rate of readmissions of patients with heart failure.


Subject(s)
Humans , Patient Readmission/statistics & numerical data , Patient Education as Topic/methods , Heart Failure/therapy , Time Factors , Risk Factors
14.
Rev. Col. Bras. Cir ; 45(4): e1858, 2018. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-956568

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivo: avaliar a incidência, características epidemiológicas, diagnóstico e evolução dos pacientes que retornaram às unidades de pronto atendimento (UPA) do Hospital Albert Einstein em São Paulo/SP com sinais e sintomas sugestivos de complicações até 30 dias após realização de colonoscopia. Métodos: estudo retrospectivo uni-institucional de pacientes submetidos à colonoscopia em 2014 e que retornaram, em até 30 dias após o procedimento, a uma UPA. Resultados: foram realizadas colonoscopias em 8968 pacientes, dos quais 95 (1,06%) tiveram queixa relacionada à possível complicação. A maioria dos procedimentos foi realizada eletivamente. Complicações menores (dor abdominal inespecífica/distensão) foram frequentes (0,49%) e a maioria dos pacientes recebeu alta após consulta na UPA. Complicações graves foram menos frequentes: perfuração (0,033%), hemorragia digestiva baixa (0,044%) e obstrução intestinal (0,044%). A procura à UPA em menos de 24 horas após o procedimento associou-se a maior índice de colonoscopias normais (P=0,006), mais diagnóstico de febre (P=0,0003) e síndrome dispéptica (P=0,043) e menos diagnóstico de colite/ileíte (P=0,015). A presença de febre em pacientes atendidos na UPA associou-se ao diagnóstico de pólipos na colonoscopia (P=0,030). Conclusão: os dados do presente estudo corroboram as evidências de segurança do exame de colonoscopia e apontam para redução nos índices de complicações mais graves deste exame.


ABSTRACT Objective: to evaluate the incidence, epidemiological characteristics, diagnosis and evolution of patients who returned to the emergency care units of the Albert Einstein Hospital in São Paulo/SP with signs and symptoms suggestive of colonoscopy complications up to 30 days after the procedure. Methods: we conducted a retrospective, uni-institutional study of patients submitted to colonoscopy in 2014 who returned to the Emergency department (ED) within 30 days after the procedure. Results: 8968 patients underwent colonoscopies, 95 (1.06%) of whom had complaints related to possible complications. Most of the procedures were elective ones. Minor complications (nonspecific abdominal pain/distension) were frequent (0.49%) and most of the patients were discharged after consultation at the ED. Severe complications were less frequent: perforation (0.033%), lower gastrointestinal bleeding (0.044%), and intestinal obstruction (0.044%). ED consultations in less than 24 hours after the procedure was associated with a higher index of normal colonoscopies (p=0.006), more diagnosis of fever (p=0.0003) and dyspeptic syndrome (p=0.043), and less diagnosis of colitis/ileitis (p=0.015). The observation of fever in patients treated at the ED was associated with the diagnosis of polyps at colonoscopy (p=0.030). Conclusion: the data corroborate the safety of the colonoscopy exam and points to a reduction in major complications rates.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Aged , Colonoscopy/adverse effects , Colon/injuries , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/epidemiology , Intestinal Perforation/epidemiology , Patient Readmission/statistics & numerical data , Abdominal Pain/etiology , Abdominal Pain/epidemiology , Incidence , Retrospective Studies , Colonoscopy/statistics & numerical data , Emergency Service, Hospital/statistics & numerical data , Fever/etiology , Fever/epidemiology , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/etiology , Intestinal Perforation/etiology , Middle Aged
15.
Arch. cardiol. Méx ; 88(5): 333-338, dic. 2018. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1142139

ABSTRACT

Resumen Objetivo: El dolor torácico es un importante motivo de atención en salas de urgencia a nivel mundial. Se evaluó la relación entre el score HEART modificado y la presencia de eventos cardiacos mayores a los 30 días. Métodos: Estudio retrospectivo, observacional en un solo centro hospitalario. En pacientes mayores de 18 años atendidos en urgencias por dolor torácico, en los cuales se aplicó el score HEART modificado al ingreso y se relacionó con la presencia de eventos cardiacos mayores (infarto de miocardio, muerte, re hospitalización por causa cardiaca y revascularización coronaria percutánea o quirúrgica) a los 30 días de seguimiento. Resultados: De 158 pacientes analizados, 17 eventos adversos (10.8%) se encontraron al mes de seguimiento. El score HEART modificado pudo predecir eventos adversos en el 4; 21,4 y 100% de pacientes con scores 0-3, 4-6 y 7-10 respectivamente (p = 0.0001). Un score HEART modificado mayor o igual a 4 se relacionó con más eventos adversos (OR: 4.52; IC: 2.76-7.39) con una sensibilidad del 70% y una especificidad del 84%. Conclusiones: La aplicación del score HEART modificado estratifica a los pacientes con dolor torácico en urgencias de manera adecuada en bajo, moderado y alto riesgo de complicaciones cardiovasculares, lo cual permite que las unidades de urgencia mejoren sus protocolos de triaje y diagnóstico de los síndromes coronarios agudos.


Abstract Objective: Chest pain is a major reason for emergency room care worldwide. The relationship between the Modified Heart Score and the presence of major cardiac events at 30 days after emergency admission was evaluated. Methods: Retrospective, observational study in a single centre on patients older than 18 years, who were treated for chest pain. The Modified HEART Score was applied at admission and related to the presence of major cardiac events (myocardial infarction, death, hospital re-admission due to cardiac causes, and percutaneous or surgical coronary revascularisation) at 30 days of follow-up. Results: Of 158 patients analysed, 17 (10.8%) adverse events were found at follow-up. The modified HEART score could predict adverse events in 4%; 21.4%, and 100% of patients with scores 0-3; 4-6, and 7-10, respectively (P = .0001). A modified HEART score greater than or equal to 4 was associated with more adverse events (OR: 4.52; 95% CI 2.76-7.39) with a sensitivity of 70% and specificity of 84%. Conclusions: The application of the modified HEART score is useful for stratifying patients with chest pain into low, moderate, and high risk of cardiovascular complications, which should help the emergency units to improve their protocols for triage and diagnosis of acute coronary syndromes.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Chest Pain/etiology , Triage/methods , Emergency Service, Hospital , Acute Coronary Syndrome/diagnosis , Patient Readmission/statistics & numerical data , Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology , Retrospective Studies , Follow-Up Studies , Sensitivity and Specificity , Acute Coronary Syndrome/physiopathology , Myocardial Infarction/epidemiology
16.
Clinics ; 73: e325, 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-890741

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of pharmacist-provided discharge counseling on mortality rate, hospital readmissions, emergency department visits, and medication adherence at 30 days post discharge. METHODS: This randomized controlled trial was approved by the local ethics committee and included patients aged 18 years or older admitted to the cardiology ward of a Brazilian tertiary hospital. The intervention group received a pharmacist-led medication counseling session at discharge and a telephone follow-up three and 15 days after discharge. The outcomes included the number of deaths, hospital readmissions, emergency department visits, and medication adherence. All outcomes were evaluated during a pharmacist-led ambulatory consultation performed 30 days after discharge. RESULTS: Of 133 patients, 104 were included in the analysis (51 and 53 in the intervention and control groups, respectively). The intervention group had a lower overall readmission rate, number of emergency department visits, and mortality rate, but the differences were not statistically significant (p>0.05). However, the intervention group had a significantly lower readmission rate related to heart disease (0% vs. 11.3%, p=0.027), despite the small sample size. Furthermore, medication counseling contributed significantly to improved medication adherence according to three different tools (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Pharmacist-provided discharge medication counseling resulted in better medication adherence scores and a lower incidence of cardiovascular-associated hospital readmissions, thus representing a useful service for cardiology patients.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Patient Discharge/standards , Pharmacists/psychology , Directive Counseling , Patient Readmission/statistics & numerical data , Pharmacists/standards , Brazil , Cardiology Service, Hospital/statistics & numerical data , Professional Role/psychology , Medication Adherence/psychology , Tertiary Care Centers/statistics & numerical data , Heart Diseases/mortality
17.
Cad. Saúde Pública (Online) ; 34(5): e00048217, 2018. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-889984

ABSTRACT

Resumo: A tuberculose drogarresistente (TBDR) representa hoje uma grave ameaça aos avanços no controle da tuberculose (TB) no Brasil e no mundo. Neste estudo, investigam-se fatores associados ao abandono e ao óbito de casos em tratamento para TBDR, em um centro de referência terciária do Município do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Trata-se de um estudo de coorte retrospectiva, a partir dos casos notificados no Sistema de Informação de Tratamentos Especiais de Tuberculose (SITETB), no período de 1º de janeiro de 2012 a 31 de dezembro de 2013. Um total de 257 pacientes foi notificado no SITETB e iniciou o tratamento para TBDR. Desse total, 139 (54,1%) tiveram sucesso terapêutico como desfecho, 54 (21%) abandonaram o tratamento e 21 (8,2%) evoluíram para óbito. Após análise de regressão logística multinomial múltipla, a faixa etária acima de cinquenta anos foi observada como único fator de proteção ao abandono, ao passo que ter menos de oito anos de escolaridade e reingresso após abandono foram considerados como fatores de risco. Reingresso após abandono, recidiva e falência indicaram fatores de risco. Nossos dados reforçam a concepção de que o abandono do tratamento de tuberculose resistente é um sério problema de saúde pública, sendo necessário um adequado acompanhamento no tratamento de pacientes com esse histórico e com baixa escolaridade. Além disso, uma rede de apoio social ao paciente é imprescindível para que desfechos desfavoráveis sejam evitados.


Resumen: La tuberculosis farmacorresistente (TBFR) representa hoy una grave amenaza para los avances en el control de la tuberculosis (TB) en Brasil y en el mundo. En este estudio, se investigan factores asociados al abandono y al óbito de casos en tratamiento para TBDR, dentro de un centro de referencia de carácter terciario del municipio de Río de Janeiro, Brasil. Se trata de un estudio de cohorte retrospectiva, a partir de los casos notificados en el Sistema de Información de Tratamientos Especiales de Tuberculosis (SITETB), durante el período del 1 de enero de 2012 al 31 de diciembre de 2013. Un total de 257 pacientes fue notificado en el SITETB y comenzó el tratamiento para TBDR. De ese total, 139 (un 54,1%) tuvieron éxito terapéutico como desenlace, 54 (un 21%) abandonaron el tratamiento y un 21 (8,2%) evolucionaron hacia óbito. Tras el análisis de regresión logística multinomial múltiple, la franja de edad por encima de cincuenta años se observó como el único factor de protección al abandono, al mismo tiempo que tener menos de ocho años de escolaridad y reingresar en el sistema educativo tras el abandono fueron considerados como factores de riesgo. Reingreso tras abandono, recidiva e insolvencia indicaron factores de riesgo. Nuestros datos refuerzan la concepción de que el abandono del tratamiento de tuberculosis resistente es un serio problema de salud pública, siendo necesario un adecuado acompañamiento en el tratamiento de pacientes con este historial y con baja escolaridad. Además, una red de apoyo social entorno al paciente es imprescindible para que los desenlaces desfavorables sean evitados.


Abstract: Drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) poses a serious threat to tuberculosis (TB) control in Brazil and worldwide. The current study investigated factors associated with loss to follow-up and death in the course of treatment for DR-TB in a tertiary reference center in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. This was a retrospective cohort study of cases reported to the Information System on Special Treatments for Tuberculosis (SITETB) from January 1, 2012, to December 31, 2013. A total of 257 patients were reported to the SITETB and initiated treatment for DR-TB. Of this total, 139 (54.1%) achieved treatment success as the outcome, 54 (21%) were lost to follow-up, and 21 (8.2%) died. Following a multiple multinomial logistic regression analysis, the age bracket older than 50 years was the only protective factor against loss to follow-up, whereas less than eight years of schooling and reentry after loss to follow-up were considered risk factors. Reentry after loss to follow-up, relapse, and treatment failure appeared as risk factors. Our data reinforce the concept that loss to follow-up in drug-resistant tuberculosis is a serious public health problem, and that adequate follow-up of treatment is necessary in patients with this history and low schooling. A social support network for patients is also indispensable for avoiding unfavorable outcomes.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Referral and Consultation/statistics & numerical data , Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant/mortality , Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant/drug therapy , Lost to Follow-Up , Patient Readmission/statistics & numerical data , Socioeconomic Factors , Brazil/epidemiology , Regression Analysis , Retrospective Studies , Age Factors , Treatment Failure
18.
Yonsei Medical Journal ; : 243-251, 2018.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-713097

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: Readmission and mortality rates of patients with heart failure are good indicators of care quality. To determine whether hospital resources are associated with care quality for cardiac patients, we analyzed the effect of number of physicians and the combined effects of number of physicians and beds on 30-day readmission and 1-year mortality. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We used national cohort sample data of the National Health Insurance Service (NHIS) claims in 2002–2013. Subjects comprised 2345 inpatients (age: >65 years) admitted to acute-care hospitals for heart failure. A multivariate Cox regression was used. RESULTS: Of the 2345 patients hospitalized with heart failure, 812 inpatients (34.6%) were readmitted within 30 days and 190 (8.1%) had died within a year. Heart-failure patients treated at hospitals with low physician volumes had higher readmission and mortality rates than high physician volumes [30-day readmission: hazard ratio (HR)=1.291, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.020–1.633; 1-year mortality: HR=2.168, 95% CI=1.415–3.321]. Patients admitted to hospitals with low or middle bed and physician volume had higher 30-day readmission and 1-year mortality rates than those admitted to hospitals with high volume (30-day readmission: HR=2.812, 95% CI=1.561–5.066 for middle-volume beds & low-volume physicians, 1-year mortality: HR=8.638, 95% CI=2.072–36.02 for middle-volume beds & low-volume physicians). CONCLUSION: Physician volume is related to lower readmission and mortality for heart failure. Of interest, 30-day readmission and 1-year mortality were significantly associated with the combined effects of physician and institution bed volume.


Subject(s)
Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Cohort Studies , Heart Failure/diagnosis , Hospitalization , Hospitals, High-Volume/statistics & numerical data , Hospitals, Low-Volume/statistics & numerical data , Patient Readmission/statistics & numerical data , Physicians/economics , Proportional Hazards Models , Quality Improvement , Quality Indicators, Health Care/statistics & numerical data , Time Factors , Treatment Outcome
19.
Rev. bras. ter. intensiva ; 29(4): 460-465, out.-dez. 2017. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-899545

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a funcionalidade de pacientes pediátricos após alta da unidade de terapia intensiva pediátrica por meio da Functional Status Scale e comparar o tempo de ventilação mecânica invasiva, tempo de internação e o Pediatric Index of Mortality 2 entre os indivíduos com diferentes graus de comprometimento funcional. Métodos: Estudo transversal, realizado com pacientes egressos de uma unidade de terapia intensiva pediátrica. A avaliação funcional pela Functional Status Scale foi realizada no primeiro dia após a alta da unidade, tendo sido utilizado o Pediatric Index of Mortality 2 como índice preditivo de mortalidade do momento da admissão na unidade. Resultados: A amostra foi composta por 50 indivíduos, sendo 60% do sexo masculino, com mediana de idade de 19 meses [6 - 61]. O escore global da Functional Status Scale foi de 11,5 [7 - 15] e maiores escores nos domínios "função motora" 3 [1 - 4] e "alimentação" 4 [1 - 4]. Os pacientes que reinternaram na unidade de terapia intensiva pediátrica demonstraram, comparativamente aos que não reinternaram, ter pior escore global (p = 0,01), "função motora" (p = 0,01), "alimentação" (p = 0,02), "respiração" (p = 0,036) e maior índice de mortalidade pelo Pediatric Index of Mortality 2 (p = 0,025). Conclusão: A avaliação da Functional Status Scale indicou disfunção funcional moderada dos pacientes após a alta da unidade de terapia intensiva pediátrica, principalmente na função motora e alimentação; pacientes que reinternaram na unidade de terapia intensiva pediátrica demonstraram ter piores escore funcional global e função motora, alimentação e respiração. Indivíduos com maior comprometimento funcional apresentaram maior tempo de ventilação mecânica invasiva e internação na unidade de terapia intensiva pediátrica.


ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the functional status of pediatric patients after discharge from the pediatric intensive care unit using the Functional Status Scale and to compare the time of invasive mechanical ventilation, length of stay in the pediatric intensive care unit, and Pediatric Index of Mortality 2 results among individuals with different degrees of functional impairment. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on patients who were discharged from a pediatric intensive care unit. The functional evaluation by the Functional Status Scale was performed on the first day after discharge from the unit, and the Pediatric Index of Mortality 2 was used to predict the mortality rate at the time of admission to the pediatric intensive care unit. Results: The sample consisted of 50 individuals, 60% of which were male, with a median age of 19 [6 - 61] months. The overall score of the Functional Status Scale was 11.5 [7 - 15], and the highest scores were observed in the "motor function" 3 [1 - 4] and "feeding" 4 [1 - 4] domains. Compared to patients who were not readmitted to the pediatric intensive care unit, patients who were readmitted presented a worse overall score (p = 0.01), worse scores in the "motor function" (p = 0.01), "feeding" (p = 0.02), and "respiratory" (p = 0.036) domains, and a higher mortality rate according to the Pediatric Index of Mortality 2 (p = 0.025). Conclusion: Evaluation of the functional status using the Functional Status Scale indicated moderate impairment in patients after discharge from the pediatric intensive care unit, mainly in the "motor function" and "feeding" domains; patients who were readmitted to the pediatric intensive care unit demonstrated worse overall functional, motor function, feeding and respiratory scores. Individuals with greater functional impairment had longer times of invasive mechanical ventilation and hospitalization in the pediatric intensive care unit.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Patient Discharge , Respiration, Artificial/methods , Intensive Care Units, Pediatric , Recovery of Function , Patient Readmission/statistics & numerical data , Time Factors , Cross-Sectional Studies , Hospital Mortality , Length of Stay
20.
Rev. bras. epidemiol ; 20(3): 460-474, Jul.-Set. 2017. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-898611

ABSTRACT

RESUMO: Introdução: O fenômeno da porta giratória é caracterizado por repetidas e frequentes reinternações psiquiátricas. Objetivo: Investigar as características sociodemográficas, clínicas e de acompanhamento em serviços da Rede de Atenção Psicossocial (RAPS) associadas às internações e às reinternações psiquiátricas de usuários de um hospital geral de Porto Alegre. Métodos: Estudo transversal realizado com uma amostra de 96 participantes. Resultados: Mais da metade da amostra (53,1%) era do sexo feminino, 51% eram solteiros e a idade média foi de 44,33 anos. Dos dados clínicos, 36,5% (n = 35) dos usuários estavam em sua primeira internação e 36,5% (n = 35) preencheram o critério para reinternação frequente. Os resultados mostraram que usuários com reinternações frequentes referiam um número significativamente menor de pessoas com as quais consideravam que poderiam contar. Já os usuários de primeira internação viviam com um número significativamente maior de pessoas que o restante da amostra e possuíam, com menor frequência, vínculo com serviço de saúde, utilizando o hospital como porta de entrada para o cuidado em saúde mental. Em relação ao acompanhamento na rede, 34,4% da amostra não frequentava nenhum serviço da RAPS antes da internação à época do estudo e somente 4,1% fazia uso de serviços de reabilitação psicossocial. Conclusão: Destacamos a importância do hospital como ponto articulador da rede e estratégico para realizar a ponte com os serviços da RAPS. Apesar de a literatura internacional investigar e registrar o fenômeno da porta giratória, percebe-se que esse é um campo que necessita de maiores investigações no território brasileiro.


ABSTRACT: Introduction: The revolving door phenomenon is characterized by repeated and frequent psychiatric readmissions. Objective: We aim to investigate sociodemographic, clinic, and follow-up characteristics in health services associated to psychiatric admissions and readmissions of inpatients in a general hospital of Porto Alegre. Methods: It is a cross-sectional study with a sample of 96 participants. Results: More than half of the sample (53.1%) were female, 51% were single, and the average age was 44.3 years old. From clinic data, 36% (n = 35) of the users were in their first admission, and 36% (n = 35) met the criteria for frequent readmission. The results show that users with frequent readmissions significantly mentioned fewer people on whom they could rely. Alternatively, users in first admission lived with a significant larger number of people than the rest of the sample and had, with less frequency, bond with health services other than hospitals, using hospitals as an entrance door to mental health care. Regarding follow-up in the network, 34.4% of the sample did not visit often NPC services before admission, and only 4.1% used psychosocial rehabilitation services. Conclusion: We highlight the importance of hospitals as an articulation point in the network, and as strategic to connect with NPC services. In spite of international literature investigation and registration of the frequent psychiatric readmission phenomenon, we notice it is a field that needs greater investigation in Brazil.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Young Adult , Patient Admission/statistics & numerical data , Patient Readmission/statistics & numerical data , Mental Health Services/statistics & numerical data , Socioeconomic Factors , Brazil , Cross-Sectional Studies , Hospitals, General , Mental Disorders/diagnosis , Mental Disorders/therapy , Middle Aged
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